Additional Resources

Carotid Restraint

• Abnormal Breathing Recognition for Law Enforcement (October 16, 2020) [Article]
• I Can’t Breathe: What It Means for Law Enforcement (July 13, 2020) [Article]

De-Escalation

• Court Discusses Use of Force Factors in Confronting the Mentally Ill (January 19, 2023) [Article]
• Conflict at the Fence: Tools to Turn Critics into Advocates [On-Demand Webinar originally broadcast December 15, 2022]
• Crisis Intervention for First Responders (August 3, 2021) [Video]
• When & How: Law Enforcement De-Escalation in Mental Health Crises (May 17, 2021) [Article]
• Response to People in Crisis: Mitigating Harm & Enhancing the Safety of All Involved [On-Demand Webinar originally broadcast March 30, 2021]
• De-Escalation: A Commonsense Approach (December 21, 2020) [Article]
• Emotional Intelligence in De-Escalation (September 15, 2020) [Video]
• 4 Conditions for Effective De-Escalation (May 20, 2020) [Article]
• De-Escalation: When & How to Make It Work [On-Demand Webinar originally broadcast May 10, 2018]
• Law Enforcement Officers and the 21-Foot Rule (November 27, 2018) [Video]
• Improve Your Command Presence (March 20, 2018) [Video]
• Tactical Retreat (February 28, 2017) [Video]

Exhausting All Alternatives Before Deadly Force

• Reasonableness and Reaction Time in Police Use of Force Incidents (June 17, 2019) [Article]
• Law Enforcement Officers and the 21-Foot Rule (November 27, 2018) [Video]
• Police Use of Force: The Need for the Objective Reasonableness Standard (March 24, 2017) [Article]
• Fools Rush In: Managing Officer Jeopardy (March 22, 2016) [Article]

Warning Before Deadly Force

• Does Failure to Warn Before Shooting Equal Liability? (February  24, 2022) [Article]
• K9 Warnings May (or May Not) Be a Good Idea (August 23, 2022) [Article]
• Officers Use Deadly Force Without Identifying Themselves as Police (November 20, 2019) [Article]

Duty to Intervene

• Duty to Intervene Applies in Jails (December 23, 2022) [Article]
• Developing a Culture of Accountability: Outward Mindset & Active Bystandership [On-Demand Webinar originally broadcast on February 16, 2022]
• Duty to Intercede and the Five Pillars of Organizational Risk Management (October 15, 2021) [Article]
• What You Need to Know About Officer Duty to Intervene (September 11, 2020) [Article]
• Court Discusses Duty to Intervene in Alleged Excessive Force (September 15, 2020) [Article]
• Excessive Force? Law Enforcement Officers and Corrections Officers Must Intercede and Report (July 24, 2018) [Video]
• Duty to Intercede: Conceptual, Cultural and Legal Aspects [On-Demand Webinar originally broadcast July 7, 2020]

Shooting at Moving Vehicles

• Shooting at Moving Vehicles (February 9, 2021) [Video]
• Shooting at Vehicles: Crafting a Workable Policy (March 6, 2017) [Article]
• Why PERF’s Prohibition on Shooting at Vehicles Sells Agencies Short (September 8, 2016) [Article]

Use of Force Continuum

• Reasonableness and Reaction Time in Police Use of Force Incidents (June 17, 2019) [Article]
• Police Use of Force: Reality vs. the Law (Oct. 24, 2017) [Article]
• The Objective Reasonableness Standard: Glancing in the Mirror Before Criticizing Graham v. Connor (March 31, 2017) [Article]
• Police Use of Force: The Need for the Objective Reasonableness Standard (March 24, 2017) [Article]

Comprehensive Reporting

• The Importance of Police Reports (June 22, 2021) [Video]
• 3 Considerations When Taking Officer Use of Force Statements (April 29, 2020) [Article]
• How to Write Effective Police Use of Force Reports (Nov. 11, 2019) [Article]
• Perception, Recall and Use of Force Incidents: The Impact of Attentional Load on Policing [Explainer, released April 2018]

Use of Force Trend Analysis

• A Deeper Understanding: Root Cause Analysis in Law Enforcement [On-Demand Webinar originally broadcast October 29, 2021]
• Magnitude and Duration: Measuring Police Use of Force from Bodycam Video (March 4, 2020) [Article]
• Action vs. Reaction: The Shoot-First Fallacy (February 14, 2020) [Article]
• Using Computer Modeling in Police Use of Force Investigations (December 27, 2019) [Article]

The Role of Supervisors

• Public Safety & Police Leadership Qualities: Supervisory Standards (December 15, 2020) [Video]
• The Importance of the First-Line Supervisor in Public Safety Agencies (February 6, 2019) [Article]
• 4 Common Mistakes Agencies Make When Evaluating Personnel [White Paper, released December 2017]

Providing Medical Aid

• Agitated Subjects & Ketamine: Working Together to Enhance Safety [On-Demand Webinar originally broadcast on January 18, 2022]
• Crisis Intervention for First Responders (August 3, 2021) [Video]
• I Can’t Breathe: What It Means for Law Enforcement (July 13, 2020) [Article]
• Qualified Immunity for Officers Who Recognized Excited Delirium as a Medical Emergency (February 25, 2019) [Article]
• Rendering Aid after Use of Deadly Force (May 1, 2018) [Video]
• Medical Attention for People in Custody (July 31, 2018) [Video]

Performance History Audits

• 4 Common Mistakes Agencies Make When Evaluating Personnel [White Paper, released December 2017]
• Proactively Identifying Problem Personnel (February 2, 2016) [Video]
• No More “Bad Cops”: 5 Steps to Improving Law Enforcement Hiring Practices (April 22, 2016) [Article]